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Down syndrome is one of the most common genetic disabilities. Down syndrome is a learning and congenital disability

Common Features

Head Shape

 

Flat profile

Brachycephaly

Rounded face 

An extra chromosome 21, characterizes Down syndrome. The extra chromosome more often than not is originated from the biological mother, the risk is higher once the mother reaches the age of 35. Down syndrome occurs in 1 out of 800 births.

Down syndrome occurs due to the presence of an extra chromosome 21.

 

89% of the trisomic embryos are due to fertilization of the ovum containing this extra chromosome rather than fertilization of trisomic spermatozoa.

 

A number of factors are said to cause the result of this extra chromosome although research is still on going. Some of these factors include:

 

  • Environmental issues (ex. Toxins)

  • Medical issues (ex. X-ray)

  • Smoking and alcoholism

  • Biological mothers age (age >35)

Hands

 

Small hands

Short fingers

Missing joint in the little finger (clinodactyly)

One single crease or two small ones

Feet

Small feet

Chubby toes

Large sandal gap

Less creases at the bottom of the foot

Individuals with Down syndrome tend to be

      1.Sensitive

      2.Calm

      3.Easygoing

      4.Outgoing

      5.Friendly

      6.Affectionate 

Down Syndrome

There are three different types of Down syndrome, which results due the different chromosome patterns,

Facial Features

 

Small features

Epicantic fold near eyes

Upward slanting eyes

Flat nose

Small mouth cavity

Large tongue

Diagnosis

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